Parlament

     Majlisi Oli (Supreme Assembly of the National Parliament).

   Majlisi Oli - the Parliament of the Republic of Tajikistan - is the highest representative and legislative branch of the Republic of Tajikistan. Majlisi Oli consists of two chambers - Majlisi Milli and Majlisi Namoyandagon. The decision to introduce a bicameral parliament was adopted by a referendum in September 1999. The first elections to the bicameral parliament were held in February and March 2000. Thus, the parliament of Tajikistan consists of the Majlisi Milli and the Majlisi Namoyandagon.

Majlisi Namoyandagon (Low Chamber’s Parliament).

Majlisi Namoyandagon - as enshrined in the Constitution of Tajikistan - is elected by general, equal, direct and secret ballot. From 63 deputies of the Majlisi Namoyandagon, 41 are elected by direct electoral districts and 22 by party lists. The powers of deputies and members of parliament are limited to 5 years. Any citizen of the Republic of Tajikistan who has reached the age of 25 and has higher education can be elected as a deputy to the Majlisi Namoyandagon.

On March 1st, 2020, in accordance with the requirements of the Constitutional Law of the Republic of Tajikistan "On elections to the Majlisi Oli of the Republic of Tajikistan", as well as in compliance with the norms of the multiparty system, regular elections of deputies to the Majlisi Namoyandagon Majlisi Oli of the Republic of Tajikistan (lower house of parliament) of the 6th convocation took place. The average age of the elected deputies is 45 years. According to the results of the parliamentary elections, 63 mandates were distributed as follows: People's Democratic Party of Tajikistan - 46; Agrarian Party of Tajikistan - 7; Party of Economic Reforms - 5; Communist Party of Tajikistan - 2; Democratic Party of Tajikistan - 1; Socialist Party of Tajikistan - 1; Independent candidate - 1.

On March 17th, 2020, Mr. Zokirzoda Mahmadtoir Zoir was elected a new Chairman of the Majlisi Namoyandagon of the Republic of Tajikistan.

Majlisi Namoyandagon for 20 years of his existence has proved the correctness and timeliness of the creation of a professional parliament. The activities of Majlisi Namoyandagon turned out to be one of the most important factors in building a secular, democratic, legal and the rule of law as well as the unified society.

An important area of ​​activity of the professional parliament of the Republic of Tajikistan,  in addition to preventative and legislative work, is the development of inter-parliamentary and international relations associated with the development of mutually beneficial cooperation between foreign parliaments and various international organizations. Therefore, the Majlisi Namoyandagon Majlisi Oli of the Republic of Tajikistan pays special attention to strengthening inter-parliamentary cooperation.

Majlisi Namoyandagon - as the supreme legislative branch of the Republic of Tajikistan - is an active member of the Interparliamentary Assembly of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), the Parliamentary Assembly of the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE), the Interparliamentary Union, the Asian Parliamentary Union for Peace and the Interparliamentary Assembly of the Eurasian Economic Union. In order to strengthen and expand relations with these influential organizations around the world, a national parliamentary group of the Majlisi Namoyandagon and appropriate cooperation have been established.

During 20 years of its activity, the Majlisi Namoyandagon has established strong working relations with several parliaments of the world and influential international organizations. In order to strengthen bilateral parliamentary relations, friendship and cooperation groups of the Majlisi Namoyandagon and parliamentary commissions with a number of parliaments of the world, including Russia, China, Japan, Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Vietnam, Hungary, the Islamic Republic of Pakistan and Iran, Turkey , India, Cuba, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan, Jordan, Morocco, Belarus, Armenia, Romania, Slovakia, Germany, Korea, Azerbaijan and other countries were organized.

Majlisi Namoyandagon consists of the following committees:

Economics and Finance Committee

Committee on Law and Human Rights

Law Enforcement, Defence and Security Committee

Committee on Agrarian Issues, Land and Water Resources

Committee on International Affairs, Public Associations and Information

Committee on Science, Education, Culture and Youth Policy

Committee on Social Affairs, Family and Health

Committee for State Building and Local Self-Government

Committee for Energy, Industry, Construction and Communications.

Majlisi Namoyandagon consists of the following commissions:

Ecology Commission

Ethics Commission for Deputies

Commission for monitoring the implementation of instructions and work organization

Commission for counting votes in the election of the Chairman of Majlisi Namoyandagon.

Majlisi Milli (Supreme Assembly)

The Majlisi Milli has 34 members. Three-fourths of the members of the Majlisi Milli or 25 members are directly elected in joint sessions of the people's representatives of  Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Oblast and its cities and districts, regions and their cities, districts, Dushanbe city and their districts, cities, and districts of republican subordination. The President of the Republic of Tajikistan elects one-fourth of the representatives of the Majlisi Milli. Each administrative unit, regardless of size and number, occupies 5 seats in the National Assembly. According to the Constitution, every former president of the Republic of Tajikistan becomes a lifelong member of the Majlisi Milli if he does not relinquish this right. Thus,  the state wants to recognize the merits of the head of state and at the same time to further use his experience.

On April 17th, 2020, Rustami Emomali was elected Chairman of the Majlisi Milli of the Republic of Tajikistan.

With the exception of issues related to the budget and amnesty, the Majlisi Milli is part of the legislative process. Majlisi Milli consists of 5 committees and one commission. A citizen cannot be a member of the Majlisi Milli and a deputy of the Majlisi Namoyandagon at the same time. Members of the government, judges, law enforcement officers, servicemen as well as the other persons specified in the Constitution may not be members of the Majlisi Milli.

Any citizen of the Republic of Tajikistan who has reached the age of 25 and has higher education may be elected or appointed as a member of the Majlisi Milli. The activities of the Majlisi Milli and Majlisi Namoyandagon are carried out in the form of sessions. Majlisi Milli convenes at least four times a year. The regular session of the Majlisi Namoyandagon is held once a year, from the first working day in October to the last working day in June. In the period between two sessions of the Majlisi Milli and Majlisi Namoyandagon, if necessary, the President may convene an extraordinary session. In these sessions, only those issues are discussed that serve as the reason for the convening of these sessions. Majlisi Milli and Majlisi Namoyandagon elect from among their member's chairmen, their first deputies, and deputies. One of the deputy chairmen of the Majlisi Milli is elected by the people's representatives of the Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Region.

The chairmen of the Majlisi Milli and Majlisi Namoyandagon independently form their coordinating working authorities, relevant committees, and commissions and hold parliamentary hearings on issues related to the relevant Majlis. The coordinating working authorities of the Majlisi Milli and the Majlisi Namoyandagon hold their meetings separately and in an open manner. In cases stipulated by the Constitution and the rules of procedure of the Majlisi Milli and Majlisi Namoyandagon, closed sessions may also be held. The laws are adopted by the Majlisi Namoyandagon. The laws adopted by the Majlisi Namoyandagon are transferred to the Majlisi Milli, with the exception of the laws on the state budget. Only the Majlisi Namoyandagon adopts laws on the state budget. State budget management is controlled by the Majlisi Namoyandagon.

Majlisi Milli and Majlisi Namoyandagon may be prematurely disbanded at a joint meeting if it is approved by at least three-fourths of the Majlisi Milli members and deputies of the Majlisi Namoyandagon. Majlisi Oli cannot be dissolved in a state of war and emergency.